After the dispersal of modern humans (Homo sapiens) Out of Africa, hominins with a similar morphology to that of present-day humans initiated the gradual demographic expansion into Eurasia. The mitogenome (33-fold coverage) of the Peştera Muierii 1 individual (PM1) from Romania (35 ky cal BP) we present in this article corresponds fully to Homo sapiens, whilst exhibiting a mosaic of morphological features related to both modern humans and Neandertals. We have identified the PM1 mitogenome as a basal haplogroup U6*, not previously found in any ancient or present-day humans. The derived U6 haplotypes are predominantly found in present-day North-Western African populations. Concomitantly, those found in Europe have been attributed to recent gene-flow from North Africa. The presence of the basal haplogroup U6* in South East Europe (Romania) at 35 ky BP confirms a Eurasian origin of the U6 mitochondrial lineage. Consequently, we propose that the PM1 lineage is an offshoot to South East Europe that can be traced to the Early Upper Paleolithic back migration from Western Asia to North Africa, during which the U6 lineage diversified, until the emergence of the present-day U6 African lineages.
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机译：在现代人（智人）散布到非洲之后，形态与当今人类相似的人豆素开始逐渐向欧亚大陆扩展。我们在本文中介绍的来自罗马尼亚（35 ky cal BP）的PeşteraMuierii 1个人（PM1）的有丝分裂基因组（覆盖率达33倍）完全对应于智人，同时展现了与现代人类和尼安德特人有关的形态特征的马赛克。我们已经将PM1有丝分裂基因组确定为基础单倍体U6 *，以前在任何古代或当今人类中都没有发现过。衍生的U6单倍型主要存在于当今的西北非洲人口中。伴随地，在欧洲发现的那些基因归因于北非最近的基因流动。在东南欧（罗马尼亚）的35 ky BP处存在基底单倍体U6 *，证实了U6线粒体谱系的欧亚起源。因此，我们建议PM1谱系是东南欧的分支，可以追溯到早古石器时代从西亚向北非的回迁，在此期间U6谱系多样化，直到今天的U6非洲人出现血统。
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