Over-Time Impacts of Pictorial Health Warning Labels and their Differences across Smoker Subgroups: Results from Adult Smokers in Canada and Australia

摘要

IntroductionThis study examines patterns of change in different smoker subgroups’ responses to new pictorial health warning labels (HWLs) over the initial, two year post-implementation period in Canada, where HWLs include package inserts with cessation messages, and Australia, where “plain” packaging (i.e., prohibition of brand imagery) was also implemented.