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Genome sequence of Streptococcus mutans UA159 a cariogenic dental pathogen

机译:致龋性牙科病原体变形链球菌UA159的基因组序列

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摘要

Streptococcus mutans is the leading cause of dental caries (tooth decay) worldwide and is considered to be the most cariogenic of all of the oral streptococci. The genome of S. mutans UA159, a serotype c strain, has been completely sequenced and is composed of 2,030,936 base pairs. It contains 1,963 ORFs, 63% of which have been assigned putative functions. The genome analysis provides further insight into how S. mutans has adapted to surviving the oral environment through resource acquisition, defense against host factors, and use of gene products that maintain its niche against microbial competitors. S. mutans metabolizes a wide variety of carbohydrates via nonoxidative pathways, and all of these pathways have been identified, along with the associated transport systems whose genes account for almost 15% of the genome. Virulence genes associated with extracellular adherent glucan production, adhesins, acid tolerance, proteases, and putative hemolysins have been identified. Strain UA159 is naturally competent and contains all of the genes essential for competence and quorum sensing. Mobile genetic elements in the form of IS elements and transposons are prominent in the genome and include a previously uncharacterized conjugative transposon and a composite transposon containing genes for the synthesis of antibiotics of the gramicidin/bacitracin family; however, no bacteriophage genomes are present.
机译:变形链球菌是全世界龋齿(蛀牙)的主要原因,并且被认为是所有口腔链球菌中最具致龋性的。变形链球菌UA159(一种血清型c株)的基因组已完全测序,由2,030,936个碱基对组成。它包含1,963个ORF,其中63%被分配了假定功能。基因组分析可进一步了解变形链球菌如何通过资源获取,防御宿主因素以及使用能够保持其针对微生物竞争者的利基地位的基因产品来适应口腔环境的生存。变形链球菌通过非氧化途径代谢多种碳水化合物,所有这些途径以及相关的转运系统已被鉴定,这些转运系统的基因几乎占基因组的15%。已经确定了与细胞外粘附葡聚糖产生,粘附素,耐酸性,蛋白酶和假定的溶血素相关的毒力基因。菌株UA159具有天然能力,并包含所有对于能力和群体感应至关重要的基因。以IS元件和转座子形式存在的可移动遗传元件在基因组中很重要,包括一个以前未表征的共轭转座子和一个含有转基因的合成转座子,这些基因用于合成短杆菌肽/杆菌素家族的抗生素。但是,不存在噬菌体基因组。

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