The Impact of a Risk-Based Breast Cancer Screening Decision Aid onInitiation of Mammography Among Younger Women: Report of a RandomizedTrial

摘要

>Background. Guidelines recommend that initiation of breast cancer screening (BCS) among women aged 40 to 49 years include a shared decision-making process. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of a breast cancer screening patient decision-aid (BCS-PtDA) on the strength of the relationship between individual risk and the decision to initiate BCS, knowledge, and decisional conflict. >Methods. We conducted a randomized clinical trial of a BCS-PtDA that included individual risk estimates compared with usual care. Participants were women 39 to 48 years of age with no previous mammogram. Primary outcomes were strength of association between breast cancer risk and mammography uptake at 12 months, knowledge, and decisional conflict. >Results. Of 204 participants, 65% were Black, the median age (interquartile range [IQR]) was 40.0 years (39.0–42.0), and median (IQR) breast cancer lifetime risk was 9.7% (9.2–11.1). Women who received mammography at 12 months had higher breast cancer lifetime risk than women who had not in both intervention (mean, 95% CI): 12.2% (10.8–13.6) versus 10.5% (9.8–11.2), P = 0.04, and control groups: 11.8% (10.4–13.1) versus 9.9% (9.2–10.6), P = 0.02. However, there was no difference betweengroups in the strength of association between mammography uptake and breastcancer risk (P = 0.87). Follow-up knowledge (0–5) was greaterin the intervention versus control group (mean, 95% CI): 3.84 (3.5–4.2) versus3.17 (2.8–3.5), P = 0.01. There was no change in decisionalconflict score (1–100) between the intervention versus control group (mean, 95%CI): 24.8 (19.5–30.2) versus 32.4 (25.9–39.0), P = 0.07.>Conclusions. The BCS-PtDA improved knowledge but did not affectrisk-based decision making regarding age of initiation of BCS. These findingsindicate the complexity of changing behaviors to incorporate objective risk inthe medical decision-making process.