Patient autonomy is a central value in medicine and critical component of adherence to medical advice. This article reports on a validation of the 6-item version of the Health Care Climate Questionnaire (HCCQ), a measure of autonomy support in health care settings, in a sample of 242 melanoma patients. The HCCQ showed excellent internal consistency (α = .91), structural validity (Tucker–Lewis index = .99; comparative fit index = .99; root mean square error of approximation = .06, 90 per cent confidence interval (.00, .11); standardized root mean square residual = .02; χ2 (8, N = 235) = 13.99, p = .08) and construct validity (92.31% of hypothesized correlations with other measures confirmed). Acceptable 3-month test–retest reliability was observed (r = .55, p < .001; intraclass correlation coefficient (A, 1) = .54, p < .001). The French version was found equivalent to the English version.
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