Cassava is Africa's second most important food source in terms of calories consumed per capita. However, farmers use little or no fertilizer on cassava and scant information is available regarding the cassava yield response to mineral and organic fertilizer inputs in Zambia. This study was undertaken to determine the response of cassava to the integrated use of organic and inorganic nutrient sources in two contrasting agroecological zones of Zambia; Mansa located in Zone III and Kabangwe located in Zone II. The treatments consisted of a factorial combination of four NPK rates (unfertilized control, 50N-11P-41.5K, 100N-22P-83K, and 150N-33P-124.5K kg/ha) with four rates of chicken manure (0, 1.4, 2.8, and 4.2 t/ha). The treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Cassava height, stem girth, canopy diameter, leaf area index, and chlorophyll index were monitored over time and roots were harvested at 12 months after planting (MAP). Growth parameters and yield varied significantly (p < 0.01) both with NPK, manure application, and their interaction effects at 12 MAP. The combined application of 4.2 t/ha of chicken manure and 100N-22P-83 K kg/ha of mineral fertilizer resulted in the highest yields of 35.2 t/ha at Kabangwe. But, the highest average yield of 34.4 t/ha was recorded with the application of 2.8 t/ha manure and 100N-22P-83 K kg/ha mineral fertilizer at Mansa. This increased treatment yield by 24 and 29% over the sole NPK fertilizer application at Mansa and Kabangwe sites, respectively. Harvest index (HI) was higher when 2.8 t/ha chicken manure was applied in combination with 50N-11P-41.5K kg/ha at Kabangwe. But, the highest HI at Mansa site was achieved with the combination of 2.8 t/ha manure and 100N-22P-83 K kg/ha. This combination also resulted in the highest agronomic efficiency of N, P and K at both sites. It is concluded that cassava productivity and nutrient use efficiency can be improved through the integrated use of NPK and manure in Zambia.
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机译:从人均卡路里摄入量来看,木薯是非洲第二重要的食物来源。但是,农民在木薯上很少或根本不使用化肥,关于赞比亚矿物和有机肥料投入的木薯产量响应的信息很少。这项研究是为了确定木薯对赞比亚两个截然不同的农业生态区有机和无机养分资源综合利用的响应。 Mansa位于III区,Kabangwe位于II区。处理方法包括四种NPK比例(未受精对照,50N-11P-41.5K,100N-22P-83K和150N-33P-124.5K kg / ha)与四种鸡粪比例(0、1.4, 2.8和4.2吨/公顷)。这些治疗方案以随机完整区组设计的形式进行,重复三遍。随时间监测木薯高度,茎周长,冠层直径,叶面积指数和叶绿素指数,并在种植后12个月收获根(MAP)。在氮磷钾,施肥以及它们在12 MAP时的相互作用影响下,生长参数和产量均发生显着变化(p <0.01)。结合施用4.2吨/公顷的鸡粪和100N-22P-83 K kg /公顷的矿物肥料,在Kabangwe的最高产量为35.2吨/公顷。但是,在曼萨省施用2.8吨/公顷的肥料和100N-22P-83 K kg /公顷的矿物肥料后,最高平均产量达到34.4吨/公顷。与在Mansa和Kabangwe站点施用唯一的NPK肥料相比,这使处理产量分别提高了24%和29%。当在Kabangwe施用2.8吨/公顷的鸡粪和50N-11P-41.5K公斤/公顷的粪便时,收获指数(HI)更高。但是,通过2.8吨/公顷的粪肥和100N-22P-83 K公斤/公顷的组合,Mansa养殖场获得了最高的HI。这种组合还导致两个地点的N,P和K的农艺效率最高。结论是,赞比亚氮磷钾和肥料的综合利用可以提高木薯的生产力和养分利用效率。
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