β1- and β2-adrenoceptor responses in cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells: comparison with failing and non-failing adult human heart

摘要

Background and purpose:Characterization of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CM) in relation to adult myocytes is essential for their future use in transplantation or as a model system. The β-adrenoceptor pathways, which are known to be effective early in hESC-CM development, are of major importance because of their control of rate and force of beating, arrhythmia generation and apoptosisecrosis. We have therefore performed detailed pharmacological analysis of the β-adrenoceptor responses in developing hESC-CM.