贵州省黔南地区可利用降水资源的气候变化特征分析

摘要

By using monthly precipitation and temperature received from 12 observed stations from 1962 to 2011 and employed Takahashi's evaporation equation, According to the relationship of water balance, The month of Utilizable precipitation. The spatial distribution and change tendency of the utilizable precipitation were studie. The results show as follows: in the recent 50 years, Utilizable Precipitation declined ; The trend of increasing in sum- mer and winter, spring and autumn showed a decreasing trend. Available precipitation in 5 -7 months rich, One of the most abundant in June, 24% of the year. Utilizable precipitation distribution performance for the central west east rich, North and south were less.%利用1962—2011年贵州省黔南地区12个气象站的月降水和月平均气温资料，采用高桥浩-郎经验公式计算月蒸发量，根据水量平衡关系，得出各月的可利用降水量，分析黔南地区可利用降水量的变化趋势和地域分布特点，结果表明：近50年黔南年可利用降水呈现减少的态势；夏季和冬季呈现增多的趋势，春秋季节呈现减少的趋势；可利用降水在5～7月丰富，其中6月最为丰富，占全年的24％；可利用降水地域分布表现为中部偏西偏东丰富，南北偏少。