基于基尼系数的山西省水资源空间匹配度分析

摘要

根据山西省多年的水资源统计数据，采用洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数法构建水资源基尼系数评价法。通过绘制水资源与耕地资源、区域GDP及人口的洛伦兹曲线并计算其基尼系数，分析山西省水资源的空间匹配度。结果表明：山西省水资源的空间匹配度整体较好，3个评价指标分别达到了高度平均、相对平均和比较合理状态，但存在个别地区间差异明显的情况。通过对差异原因进行分析，提出对山西省水资源分布不合理的地区采取适当的调水措施，并针对总体缺水状况采取有效的节水措施。%This paper applied Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient which were economic evaluations of income fair to form a water resources evaluation method of Gini coefficient in Shanxi Province. It used the statistical data of water resources in Shanxi Province for many years. The paper analyzed the spatial matching degree of water resources in Shanxi Province by drawing Lorenz curves between water resources and cultivated land resources, population and regional GDP respectively,and then calculated Gini coefficients. Results show that the spatial matching degree of water resources in Shanxi Province is good in the mass. Three evaluation indexes respectively reach high average,average and relative reasonable state. There are clear differences between individual regions although spatial matching degree of water resources in Shanxi Province is good. It is necessary to remove water resources between different areas,and to take reasonable water-saving measures to the overall water lacking after analyzing the reasons of the differences.