微咸水灌溉对土地整治项目区水土环境的影响

摘要

为了研究不同灌溉模式对土地整治项目区土壤环境、地下水矿化度和埋深的影响，在内蒙古河套灌区选定具有代表性的红卫试验场进行了枸杞田间微咸水灌溉试验，探讨对土壤环境、地下水环境影响最小的枸杞微咸水灌溉模式。结果表明：不同轮灌模式下土壤盐分均发生表聚现象，在枸杞根系发达区淡-咸-咸灌溉模式下土壤盐分最低，对枸杞生长影响较小；地下水矿化度存在显著差异，淡-咸-咸灌溉模式下枸杞整个生育期内地下水矿化度最低，咸-咸-咸灌溉模式下最高；不同轮灌模式下地下水埋深差异不大，并且在生育期末基本回到了开春时的水平；淡-咸-咸灌溉模式对地下水环境影响较小，是适合当地土地整治采用的最优灌溉模式。%In order to study the influence on different irrigation modes to the environment of soil, groundwater salinity and buried depth of land renovation project, this research selected representative filed which is called Hongwei testing field to carry on the experiments of brackish water irrigation in Hetao irrigation area in Inner Mongolia for wolfberry and studied the minimum influence of brackish water irrigation mode to the environment of soil and groundwater for wolfberry. Results show that soil salinity is occurred surface assembled phenomenon under the different rotational irrigation modes, soil salinity of fresh-salty-salty mode is the lowest in the wolfberry root developed area and the influence to the wolfberry grow is smaller; the groundwater salinity exists significant difference under different rotational irrigation modes, groundwater salinity is the minimum throughout the reproductive period under the fresh-salty-salty mode for wolfberry, groundwater salinity is the highest under the salty-salty-salty mode, from small to large followed by fresh-salty-salty < salty-salty-fresh