为了探寻油菜微咸水灌溉的适宜模式，设计紫色土盆栽试验，研究了不同矿化度水平（0．6、1．0、3．0、5．0 g／L）和水分处理（控制土壤水分分别为田间持水量θf的65％、75％、85％）对油菜生长、产量和积盐量的影响。结果表明：相同土壤水分条件下，随着微咸水浓度的增大，土壤含盐量呈增大趋势，当矿化度超过3．0 g／L时，油菜的形态指标和产量指标均受到严重影响；相同矿化度水平下，增大土壤含水量，能促进油菜的生长和提高产量，但是水分利用效率呈现先增大后减小的趋势；采用矿化度约为3．0 g／L的微咸水灌溉配合土壤水分控制在75％θf左右，是紫色土地区微咸水灌溉油菜的适宜模式。利用矿化度为3．0 g／L及以下的微咸水灌溉油菜，对油菜全生育期的生长是安全的。%In order to alleviate the increasingly prominent contradiction between supply and demand of water in agriculture, experiment of brackish water irrigation was carried out to analyze the salinity of safe use of brackish water irrigation. It had studied the influence of the rapeseed growth characteristics, production and soil salt deposition under different salinity levels(0.6, 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0 g/L) and different soil moisture( 65%θf , 75%θf and 85%θf ) treatment. The results show that under the condition of same soil moisture, with the increasing of salinity of brackish water, the soil salt content shows a trend of increase, when the salinity is more than 3.0 g/L, the morphological index and yields of rapeseed are severely affected;when the soil water content increases, it can promote the growth and yields of rapeseed under the condition of the same level of salinity, but the irrigation water use efficiency shows a tendency of increasing after it decreases first;using the salinity of brackish water irrigation which is about 3.0 g/L and soil moisture controlled in around 75%θf is a suitable mode of brackish water irrigation rape of the purple soil area. The whole growth period of growth and yields of rape are safe, when it uses 3.0 g/L or less brackish water to irrigate the rapes.
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