不同种植模式下滴灌对春玉米的影响

摘要

This study combined corn planting patterns and drip irrigation by field planting. In order to determine the appropriate combinations, the maize growth rate and yield were analyzed by SPSS. Then the principle of results was explored. Firstly, the highest increment of corn is seeding stage. Then it's the late jointing stage. The early jointing stage is the last. Under different planting patterns, the sequence of maize growth rate is equidistant two⁃row, equidistant three⁃row, equidistant four⁃row from high to low. Secondly, the different levels of distance and dripper discharge are significant effected on the maize growth rate, and the interaction between them is obvious. Thirdly, the maize growth rate is a cubic curve with the different ranges, achieve the trough at about 10 cm and achieve the peak at about 35 cm. The maize growth rate is a quadratic curve with different dripper discharges and achieves the peak in 2.2 L/h. Finally, the yield of maize is equidistant four⁃row, equidistant two⁃row and equidistant three⁃row from high to low. The yield of maize is 1. 1L/h, 2. 2L/h and 3. 3L/h from high to low with dripper discharge. Therefore, to achieve the goal of water⁃saving and high⁃yield, the maize growth rate can be controlled by combination flow with planting patterns. The recommended planting pattern is equidistant four⁃row and flow is 1.1 L/h.%将玉米种植模式与滴灌结合，采用大田种植的方法，通过SPSS软件对玉米长势和产量进行分析，确定二者适宜的组合方式。结果表明：①各生育期玉米日增长量排序为苗期＞拔节后期＞拔节前期，不同种植模式的玉米平均日增长量排序为1管2行＞1管3行＞1管4行。②滴头流量和距滴灌带距离对玉米的生长有显著影响，且二者之间交互作用明显。③生长速率与玉米距滴灌带距离呈三次函数关系，在距离为10 cm左右达到波谷，35 cm左右达到波峰；与滴头流量呈二次函数关系，在流量为2．2 L／h左右达到峰值。④各种植模式的平均产量从高到低依次为1管4行、1管2行、1管3行；从滴头流量角度比较，产量从高到低依次为1．1 L／h、2．2 L／h、3．3 L／h。可以通过滴头流量与种植模式结合，控制玉米的生长速率，达到节水高产的目的，推荐种植模式为1管4行，滴头流量为1．1 L／h。