乌鲁木齐市天然草地不同类型群落年际动态变化初报

摘要

[Objective] To research the law of the inter - annual variability of different grassland type communities in the natural grassland of Urumqi. [Method]Based on the analysis of the growth thythm and biomass dynamics of main seven types grasslands by combining the field investigation , laboratory analysis and application of 3S techniques, this paper aimed to study the environmental capacity of rangeland types from different topography locations and complicate the primary schemes of optimal allocation and rational utilization mode in the vertical belts of the middle parts of Northem Slope of Tianshan Mountain in Urumqi. [ Result]The annual differences of the community characters among seven typical grasslands were not obvious, but the differences among the months were obvious . The peak values of community characters occurred in different months with the peak values of the coverage and height of community appeared in July and August respectively . [ Conclusion]Generally , the grazing capacities depended on the biomass of the July . The variations of biomass showed the maximum values of biomass appeared in the tall - grass meadow, and the minimum values appeared in the steppe desert .%[目的]研究天然草地不同垂直带草地类型群落年际动态变化规律.[方法]以野外地面调查取样、室内分析结合3S技术应用为研究手段,通过3 a的动态测定,分析乌鲁木齐市天山北坡中段天然草地垂直带7种主要草地类型植物生育节律、群落生物量动态.[结果]乌鲁木齐市7种典型草地类型草地群落的年际变化差异不大,但是各月的变化趋势有差别,出现峰值的月份不同,盖度和高度的峰值都出现在7和8月.[结论]正常年份,可以根据7月的生物量大小来决定载畜量.高草草甸草地的生物量最大,草原化荒漠的生物量最小.