Dongting lake wetland has a variety of natural functions concerning ecosystem services including water storage, flood control, preservation of natural habitats, species and genes, and protection of the entire eco-environment against pollution. Therefore, Dongting lake wetland plays an important role in the maintenance of ecological security of the region. In recent years, however, because of excessive use of wetland resources along with the impact of accelerated pollution, the internal structure of the lake has been fragmented, which has consequently led to severe degradation of wetland habitats and reduction of biodiversity. Improper management has jeopardized the ecological security of the wetland ecosystem and brought a series of harmful effects on the sustainable development of Dongting lake. It is therefore important and urgent to adjust the economic structure in the wetland area and optimize the wetland management system at macroscopic levels by taking into consideration conservation of soil and water resources and control of water pollution. It is necessary to establish an eco-security management strategy framework in accordance with the nature and characteristics of the wetland ecosystem. The main objectives of this work will be targeted at preventing the deterioration of the eco-environment and promoting the construction and sustainable development of the Dongting lake ecological economic zone.%洞庭湖湿地具有涵养水源、调蓄洪水、提供生物栖息地、保护物种基因和生物多样性、降解污染等多种生态系统服务功能,在维护流域生态安全方面发挥着重要作用.由于对湿地资源的过度利用,导致湿地内部生境破碎化、生物栖息地退化、生物多样性锐减和湿地污染日趋严重,湿地生态安全问题越来越突出.在加强湿地宏观管理的基础上,优化调整湿地区域经济结构,调控湿地水土资源管理,加强湿地水污染防治,建立起符合湿地生态系统整体性特点的湿地生态安全管理策略,遏制生态安全恶化趋势,促进洞庭湖生态经济区的建设和可持续发展.
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