铝合金随焊控制焊接应力与交形的几种新方法

摘要

For the purpose of decreasing stresses and distortion as well as preventing hot crack during welding, the mechanical means are a-dopted to exert transverse extrusion strain on weld metal in brittle temperature range behind the molten pool,and at the same time produce lon-gitudinal plastic elongation in the weld. In this paper, several welding in-process methods including Welding with Trailing Impact. Rolling, Welding with Trailing Rotating Extrusion,Two-way Prestressing Method and Welding with Trailing Impactive Electromagnetic Force are intro-duced. When appropriate parameters are chosen, some of these technologies can decrease welding residual distortion of thin-plate butt weld-ments in aluminum alloy to a very low level and prevent the generation of welding hot cracking effectively.%采用力学手段,对铝合金焊接熔池后方的脆性温度区间施加横向挤压应力,同时使焊缝纵向保持塑性延展,从而达到随焊控制焊接应力与变形并防止焊接热裂纹的目的.介绍了随焊冲击碾压、随焊旋转挤压、双向预置应力和随焊电磁冲击等几种控制焊接应力与变形的新方法.在合适的工艺参数条件下,可以将铝合金平板对接焊件的残余变形量降低到很低的程度,同时町以防止焊接热裂纹的产生.