为了研究SS400钢板不同焊接方法残余应力的分布规律，分别对4 mm厚的低合金高强钢采用手工电弧焊和氩弧焊进行焊接，焊接后采用盲孔法测量钢板的残余应力，得到了残余应力的分布曲线。试验结果表明：手工电弧焊在焊接区垂直焊接方向的残余应力最大值为387 MPa，在焊缝两侧为压应力，距离焊缝两侧12 mm处，压应力最大；平行焊接方向上的残余应力在中间位置为拉应力，在工件两边为压应力，靠近边缘压应力增大。氩弧焊垂直于焊接方向上的最大拉应力为328 MPa，在焊缝两侧的距离为7 mm处，压应力最大；平行于焊接方向上的残余应力曲线与手工电弧焊的相似，氩弧焊的焊接变形小于手工电弧焊。%In order to study the distribution rule of SS400 sheet under different welding residual stress, manual electric arc welding and argon arc welding method were used to weld 4 mm low alloy high strength steel. The residual stress of steel plate after welding was measured by the blind hole method, and the distribution curve of residual stress was obtained. The experimental results showed that: for manual electric arc welding the maximum value of residual stress in welding zone vertical direction is 387 MPa, the residual stress is compressive stress beside weld both sides, the compressive stress value is the maximum in the distance of 12 mm from weld both sides. The residual stress is tensile stress in center position in parallel welding direction;it is compressive stress beside both sides of weldments, and the compressive stress increases close to edge. For argon arc welding, the maximum value of tensile stress in vertical direction is 328 MPa, the compressive stress value is the maximum in the distance of 7 mm from weld both sides. The residual stress curve in parallel welding direction of argon arc welding is similar to that of manual electric arc welding, and welding deformation of argon arc welding is less than manual electric arc welding.
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