沉积物再悬浮测量方法综述

摘要

为了研究沉积物侵蚀、再悬浮、运输等一系列行为机制，从实验室装置模拟法、室外原位装置测量和野外直接测量3个方面总结了沉积物再悬浮测量方法。将沉积物再悬浮测量装置分为循环水槽、直流水槽及其他仪器，描述了各类装置的基本工作原理、优缺点及适用环境，并对不同装置的测量结果进行对比。基于现有的技术和方法，主要是通过测量底床侵蚀剪切力和悬浮物浓度变化来定量分析沉积物再悬浮现象，剪切力施加方式、测试时间及仪器大小等因素的不同造成了各类装置测量结果的差异性。%In order to study the series of behavioral mechanisms including sediment erosion, re-suspension, transportation, this paper summarized the sediment re-suspension measurement method in three aspects:laboratory device simulation, in situ measurement and directly measurement in field.Sediment re-suspension measuring device can be divided into circulating water flume, straight flow-through flumes, and other devices.Hydraulic working principles, advantages and disadvantages, range of application environment of different devices were described.And the measuring results of different device were compared.Based on existing technologies and methods, the phenomenon of sediment re-suspension was quantified by measuring seabed erosion shear stress and suspended solids concentration changes.Different shearing force, testing time and equipment size and other factors cause the diversity of the result from all kinds of devices.