空间低温光学试验深低温背景环境的实现

摘要

In order to get the deep cryogenic background conditions of space cryogenic optical test, it discussed achieving deep cryogenic environment simulation technology and helium cooling system. It's analysed that 20K stable deep cryogenic cold and black background established by helium circulating is the most suitable cryogenic optical test Environment. The system is a closed circulatory system, which is composed of the helium liquefaction system with corresponding cold helium assigned device and the terminal cold cabin. Helium liquefaction system is based on the Claude cycle, that is composed of Brayton cycle and Joule-Thomson effect. It can continuously provide the liquid helium with a certain flow and pressure or cold helium as cycle refrigerant, and supply a stable deep cryogenic environment for the experiment.%为了实现空间低温光学试验的深低温背景条件,对实现深低温环模技术以及氦冷却系统进行了探讨.通过分析得到以氦循环方式建立的20 K稳定深低温冷黑背景是最为合适的低温光学试验背景环境.该系统是由氦液化系统配合相应冷氦分配装置以及终端冷舱组成密闭循环系统.氦液化系统是基于由布雷顿循环和焦耳-汤姆逊作用组合而成的克劳德循环,它能持续提供一定流量和压力的液氦或冷氦气作为循环系统中制冷工质,从而为试验提供稳定的深低温环境.