脉动热管是一种新型传热元件,具有结构简单、传热性能突出的优点.为了研究低温脉动热管管内工质流动及传热特性,采用液氮为工质,运用多相流VOF方法建立闭式环路结构的低温脉动热管的三维数值模型,并对模型进行了数值模拟.文章对低温脉动热管管内工质的流型变化和传热性能的影响因素进行了研究.结果显示,低温脉动热管从启动阶段到稳定运行阶段管内工质存在多种流型.得出低温脉动热管的倾角、充液率和内径会对低温脉动热管的传热性能产生一定的影响,并分析了倾角、充液率和内径对低温脉动热管传热性能的影响特点.%Pulsating heat pipe (PHP)is a high-efficiency heat transfer device with simple structures and excellent heat-transfer performance. In order to study the pulsating heat pipe which can be used at the liquid nitrogen zone,a three-dimensional numerical model was established and numerically analyzed based on the VOF method in this paper. In this pa-per,the changes in flow patterns of working medium and the influence factors of heat transfer performance of cryogenic PHP were studied. The results indicated that there existed a variety of flow patterns of working medium from the start phase to stable operation phase in cryogenic PHP. The angle,charging rate and inner diameter had certain influences on the heat transfer performance in cryogenic PHP and the characteristics of these factors which influence the heat transfer performance were analyzed.
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