两种跨河水准测量方法的实测分析

摘要

某隧道工程采用了光学测微法和三角高程两种方法实施跨河水准测量,分析了两种测量方法的施测过程和测量结果。跨河水准测量采用水准仪不过河的双线过河测量方法在短距离、成像清晰的条件下是可行的,可以消除水准仪i角对线路闭合差的影响,但成果计算时应考虑i角对高差的影响,不量取仪器高和棱镜高进行三角高程测量可以较方便地完成跨河测量,并能够满足国家规范的二等水准测量要求;照准误差是三角高程测量高差中误差的主要来源,因此应尽可能地采用高精度的测量仪器。%Use two methods of optical micrometer method and triangulation to implement river-crossing leveling survey,analyze the accuracy of these two methods and measurement results.River-crossing Leveling adopt quadrilateral line,two-way crossing the river level can eliminate i angle on the impact of closed circuit,but the impact of i angle should be considered when calculating the results of elevation difference;Trigonometric leveling without measure the station height and prism height can be more convenient to complete the crossing measurements,and can meet the national standard of second order measurement requirements;aiming error is the main source of error in height and surveyor should therefore use high-precision measuring instrument to carry out river-crossing leveling.