北京山区地质构造条件复杂，新构造活动频繁，人为活动剧烈，泥石流地质灾害较为发育，对人民的生命财产造成较大的威胁，如何利用泥石流发生前的物理特征进行预警，是北京市突发地质灾害防治的重要研究课题。本文首先介绍了以泥石流沟物源区土体的临界土壤含水率为短临预警的理论依据，然后以北京山区密云、门头沟、房山3个区县25条泥石流沟安装的土壤含水率仪为实例，详细阐述了土壤含水率预警系统建设的关键步骤，包括：监测沟谷的选择、土壤含水率仪的选型、仪器的安装及标定以及野外含水率数据的传输。预警研究成果，为首都地质灾害预警工作提供新的技术方法和手段。%Because of complex geological conditions, frequent neotectonism and intense human activities in Beijing mountain area, the lives and properties have been threatening heavily by debris flow. In the term of geological hazard protecting, it’s an important research subject for early-warning to use physical characteristics of debris lfow. Firstly, theory basis of soil moisture is introduced in this paper. Then 25 debris lfow bitches in Mentougou, Fangshan and Miyun districts have been taken for example to introduce the early warning system construction. So it needs to consider such problems as the monitoring bitch selection, moisture instrument selection, installation and calibration, real-time data transmission. The focus of this paper is using critical soil moisture to provide new technical method for further early warning work.
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