Since the 1980s, American state government's appropriations have been shrinking, which have triggered public universities' public funding from "golden age" to "age of austerity". In order to survive and develop preferably,public research universities carried out privatized educational reform, which mainly including increasing tuition and fees, changing personnel hiring decision, actively striving for the social private donations, reducing staff salaries and benefits in the budget expenditure and expanding the campus auxiliary units resources. As public research universities have the nature of public service and social responsibility, privatization of public research universities has inherent limits, which needs to be regulated and qualified.%自20世纪80年代以来,美国州政府公共经费的持续萎缩,导致公立研究型大学的公共经费从"黄金时代"走向"紧缩时代".公立研究型大学为了生存和发展,逐渐兴起了一场私营化教育改革浪潮,主要采取了提高学费在财政预算中的比重、人事决策上更多地依赖兼职教师和辅助教师、积极争取社会私人捐赠资源(尤其是校友资源)、缩减教职员工工资和福利在预算支出中的比例以及扩大校园辅助性单位的收入等措施.由于公立研究型大学具有公共服务和社会担当的性质,因此私营化具有内在限度,需要对其进行必要监管和限定.
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