A model was developed to study the overall efficiency and ideal cycle thermal efficiency of the condensing steam turbine as well as the internal efficiencies of high, medium and low pressure cylinders.Thus, the effects of the unit load and conditions on the turbine efficiency and heat loss can be analyzed in real time.The results show that the ideal cycle thermal efficiency and overall efficiency of the steam turbine increase with the unit load while the internal thermal efficiency slightly decreases with increasing the unit load.The working proportions of high, medium and low pressure cylinders are almost constant with the variation of unit load.The working proportion of the medium pressure cylinder is the largest while the working proportion of the low pressure cylinder is the smallest.The largest energy loss of the steam turbine is the cold end loss while the second largest energy loss is the internal efficiency loss.%建立凝汽式汽轮机整体效率、理想循环热效率和高、中、低压缸内效率的计算模型,实时分析负荷和机组状态对汽轮机运行效率和热损失的影响规律.结果表明,汽轮机整体效率和理想循环热效率随负荷的增加而单调增加,汽轮机内效率随负荷的增加而单调降低,但变化幅度较小.高、中、低压缸做功比例几乎固定,随负荷变动较小,中压缸做功比例最大,低压缸做功比例最小.汽轮机最大的能量损失来源于排汽的冷端热损失,其次汽轮机内部做功的损失.
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