生物可降解金属材料体外腐蚀测试体系综述

摘要

Extensive in vitro corrosion test systems have been carried out to simulate the in vivo corrosion behavior of biodegradable metallic materials. Various methods have their own unique benefits and limitations. The corrosion mechanism of biodegradable alloys and in vitro corrosion test systems on biodegradable metallic materials are reviewed, to build a reasonable simulated in vitro test system for mimicking the in vivo animal test from the aspects of electrolyte solution selection, surface roughness influence, test methods and evaluation methodology of corrosion rate. Buffered simulated body fluid containing similar components to human blood plasma should be applied as electrolyte solution, such as simulated body fluid (SBF) and culture medium with serum. Surface roughness of samples and ratio of solution volume to sample surface area should be adopted based on the real implant situation, and the dynamic corrosion is preferred. As to the evaluation methodology of corrosion rate, different methods may complement one another.%随着生物可降解金属材料日益受到关注，大量的体外腐蚀测试体系被用来模拟其体内腐蚀行为。不同的测试体系具有其独特的优点和缺点。为建立一个合理的并且更接近体内真实情况的测试体系，对可降解金属材料的腐蚀机理和体外腐蚀测试体系进行总结。从电解质溶液的选择、样品表面粗糙度的影响、测试方法以及腐蚀速度的评价方法等几个方面进行阐述，得到以下初步结论：电解质溶液应该选择与体液成分接近的含有蛋白的缓冲模拟体液，样品表面粗糙度和溶液体积与样品表面积之比应该接近植入部位的实际要求，并且采用动态腐蚀测试方法，同时多种腐蚀速度评价方法应当相互参照。