离子型稀土矿中铝铁杂质的浸出与抑制规律

摘要

通过红外光光谱测定、XRD检测等测试方法分析了稀土矿浸出过程中各种矿物表面性质的变化，稀土离子及铝、铁杂质离子与浸出剂和抑制剂的浸出交换过程及规律。结果表明，抑制剂的添加会与稀土矿中的铝、铁等杂质离子反应，形成化合物，从而降低浸出母液中铝、铁杂质离子含量，但不会影响离子型稀土的交换浸出过程。在机理分析的基础上，采用对铝铁杂质有高效抑制效果的抑杂剂LG-01进行离子型稀土矿抑制铝铁杂质的浸出实验研究。结果表明，在不影响离子型稀土矿稀土离子浸出率的情况下，LG-01能有效降低离子型稀土矿浸出母液中铝、铁等杂质离子含量，去除率可达92%。%Ion-absorbed rare-earth ore is an important mineral resource which is widely extracted by in-situ leaching process. And such process generates a significant amount of impurities such as aluminum and iron ions in leaching solution simultaneously. The surface characteristics and interactions by infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were studied to optimize the leaching conditions. It is found that the environment-friendly depressant LG-01 can react with the impurity ions through the formation of a new complex on the surface of leaching residues. Thus, it reduces significantly the concentration of impurity ions in leaching solution and improves the leaching rate of rare-earth ore. Moreover, a leaching rate of 95.6%and an impurity removal rate of 92%have been achieved under the optimized conditions.