为进一步提高穴播质量,针对排播过程中触土部件的壅土、堵塞等问题,结合精密播种技术要求并运用四杆运动学原理,提出一种旱地回转扎穴式播种方式及其配套机具.通过建立扎穴结构数学模型并采用VB可视化编程平台选取了核心运动参数,同时对关键部件型孔凹轮和回位压簧进行了优化设计.以玉米为播种对象,以主轴转速和压簧线径为试验因素,以合格指数和变异系数为试验指标进行二次正交旋转组合试验,采用Design-Expert10.0.3软件对结果进行数据处理,选取最优工作参数.通过田间验证试验测得,在主轴转速为27 r/min,压簧线径为1.5mm的工况下,播种器作业合格指数为92.1％,变异系数为2.5％,堵塞率为0.结果表明,该机构在满足精密播种作业技术要求的同时,进一步改善了入土可靠性和粒距均匀性.%In order to further improve the quality of hole metering,aiming at hilling and blocking problems of touching parts soil sowing in the process,combined with the requirements of precision seeding technology and the use of four bar kinematic principle,a kind of dry type rotary pricking hole seeding method was put forward,its variety can be applied to different working environments with diverse mode.Selecting the core motion parameters by establishing the mathematical model and the structure of tie points VB visual programming platform and the design of key components of the concave wheel and the return spring was optimized.The principal axis speed and the spring wire diameter were selected as experiment factors,with qualified index and coefficient of variation of test indexes as two orthogonal revolving combination test,the data processing was done by using Design-Expert 10.0.3 software and selecting the optimal working parameters.Through field verification test,under the condition that the spindle speed was 27 r/min and the line diameter of the spring was 1.5 mm,the operation qualification index of the seeder was 92.1％,the variation coefficient was 2.5％,and the blockage rate was 0.The results showed that the mechanism can meet the requirements of operation technology of precision seeding at the same time,and further improve the reliability and uniformity of soil particle spacing.The optimization of pricking hole seeder for dry rotary provided a theoretical basis and technical reference for improvement.
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