苜蓿草粉对45~#钢磨损性能的影响

摘要

以苜蓿草粉为磨料在磨料磨损试验机上采用二次正交旋转回归试验法分析了磨料粒度、转速和载荷3个条件因素对45~#钢磨损量的影响规律,确定了磨损试验的最佳条件.在该条件下考察了苜蓿草粉对2种不同热处理的45~#钢的软磨料磨损行为,用扫描电子显微镜对磨损表面形貌进行观察.结果表明,影响45~#钢磨损性能的3因素由大到小依次为转速、磨料粒度和载荷;亚温淬火比退火的45~#钢的耐磨性好;苜蓿草粉磨料对45~#钢表面的磨损是软、硬磨料共同作用的结果.退火45~#钢的软磨料磨损以多次塑性变形萌发的低周期疲劳剥落为主要磨损机制,淬火45~#钢则以显微切削为主要磨损机制.%The influence of the abrasive size, rotation speed and load on the wear properties of 45~# steel was investigated on grinding abrasion testing machine by using quadratic orthogonal rotational regression method with alfalfa powder, and the best conditions of the wear test was determined. Under this condition, authors made a further study on the soft abrasive wear behavior of alfalfa powder to 45~# steel and observed the worn surface morphology of the metals by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the influence factors of the wear properties were rotation speed, the abrasive size and load in the order of importance, and the wear properties of 45# steel was better in subcritical quenching than in annealing; The wear of 45~# steel was caused by the hard and soft abrasive formed by alfalfa powder.The soft abrasive wear of annealing 45~# steel was dominated by the fatigue wear, while the wear of quenching 45~# steel was dominated by the micro-cutting wear.