研究农户节水灌溉技术认知及其影响因素,旨在为科学分析农户灌溉技术选择的行为和转变农户粗放型灌溉方式提供基础.以陕西省温室作物生产地区的10个县(区)17个乡镇的296份入户调查资料为样本,采用结构方程模型研究农户对节水灌溉技术的认知及其影响因素.结果表明:认知程度直接影响节水灌溉技术的扩散；对节水灌溉技术的已有认知、对现有灌溉方法的满意度、政策补贴的方式和力度、灌水成本、受教育程度、是否为干部、技术培训经历和种植经验等因素均不同程度地影响农户对节水灌溉技术的认知水平；促进农户对传统灌溉方式的理性认知、拓展农户对节水灌溉技术认知的广度和深度、加强政府的宏观调控与扶持力度、建立完善的节水农业技术推广体系,有助于提升农户对节水灌溉技术的认知水平、规范农户灌溉行为选择,提高农户采用节水灌溉技术的积极性.%To analysis the driving forces of WSI technological choice and changing farmers' traditional irrigation methods, farmer cognition on water-saving irrigation (WSI) technology and their influencing factors were investigated. 296 households in 17 towns and 10 counties (districts) in Shaanxi province regarding greenhouse crop production were surveyed, and the farmer cognition and its influencing factors based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were analyzed. The results indicated that the level of farmer cognition influenced the application and promotion of WSI technology directly. The effects of familiarity towards WSI equipment, the degree of satisfaction with existing irrigation methods, government subsidies, irrigation cost, education level, farmer's age, technical training experience and planting experience on farmer cognition on WSI technology. Thus, it can be used to prompt farmer cognition level on WSI, and regulate farmer irrigation behavior, promote adoption ratio of WSI technology, by improving farmers' rational cognition on traditional irrigation methods, expanding farmers' depth and the breadth towards WSI technology, enhancing government's macroeconomics regulation, control and supporting strength, establishing a consummate WSI technology extension system.
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