为了满足在地面进行空间植物生长试验和研究的需要，该文研制了能模拟空间微重力效应的二轴旋转式植物湿润栽培装置，介绍了该装置的总体设计、结构特点和工作原理。植物三维旋转栽培盘同时绕着2根相互垂直的旋转轴进行旋转，转速可独立在线无级调节。通过盘内植物湿润栽培介质材料筛选与优化组合，结合渗水管路和旋转水接口等关键部件的结构设计，介质始终保持整体湿润而外层表面无明水出现，且易于植物根部的固定，为植物生长提供良好的水、气、肥等生态环境。建立具备严格气密性的受控密闭舱，并配置植物生长监控和综合环境监测系统。应用试验分析表明，湿润栽培方法可以满足植物悬空低速三维旋转栽培的要求，装置各项性能指标均达到设计要求。%In order to study and operate plant stimulant space growth test on the ground, a 2-axes rotary device for plant moist culture was developed to simulate a space microgravity effect. The overall design, structural features, and operating principle were introduced in this paper. Plant 3-dimensional rotary culture plate rotated on both two orthogonal rotation axes. Revolving speed can be independently and steplessly regulated on line. By the screening and optimizing of medium material in the plant wet culture plate, combining the structural design of critical components such as the water seepage line and a rotating water connector, the medium was always kept wet, but there was no visual water on the face, which was also easy to fix plant root, and provided a good ecological microenvironment for plant growth. The machine outside profile size is 980 mm×1 450 mm ×880 mm, Active area of plant cultivation is 0.12 m2. Revolving speed can be adjusted steplessly on line between 0.5-5 rpm, control accuracy up to ±3%. In the device, a controlled airtight cabin of 0.38 m3 volume with strict air tightness was built, and a configured plant growth monitoring and integrated environment monitoring system. The system has the abilities of anticorrosive, anti-seepage, anti-rust and preventing volatile gas. All operations and online maintenance should be performed on the front panel. Water pressure test figures out the main technique parameters of the infiltration pipe circuits and the intermitting circulating period of the closed plant nutrition solution transportation system. Performance experiments show that the intermittent cycle supply method of nutrient solution adopted by the device can satisfy the ecological condition of plants moist cultivation. Gas abundance method test showed that airtight cabin has good air tightness. Application experimental analysis showed that wet culture can satisfy the requirements of plant suspension and low velocity 3-dimensional rotary culture. Various performance indicators of the device were needed to meet the design requirements. The 2-axes rotary device for plant moist culture used the plant damp cultivation method and o-type nutrient solution supply technology by rotating wall perfusion to solve the port problem that cyclic broth, power line, and control line transferred between fixed and rotating pipe fittings, which makes it possible to culture a plant for the whole stages under simulated microgravity conditions. This device can be used as ground test equipment and technical support platform for space horticulture, space pharmaceutical and space breeding research, be expected to open a new avenue for botany.
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