结合详细和准稳态模型的长期电压稳定全过程混合动态仿真

摘要

论述了长期电压稳定全过程混合动态仿真的详细模型和准稳态模型,并对励磁、电枢电流限制器和动态负荷进行了建模。通过对准稳态（QSS）和全时域（FTS）的仿真结果进行对比,发现在大扰动触发离散装置陆续动作的情况下,系统不一定能保持暂态稳定性而进入长期过程,且QSS仿真对离散装置的判断不准确导致系统轨线偏离真实轨线。将FTS、QSS和基于连续参数的准稳态（CQSS）仿真三种方法有机结合起来,并通过适当的切换,可构造全过程混合动态仿真法,能够保留故障后和离散装置动作后的暂态。当暂态过程平息后转入QSS仿真;当仿真轨迹接近鞍结分岔点遇到收敛性问题时转入CQSS仿真,以改善收敛性。以新英格兰10机39节点和IEEE 50机145节点系统为试验系统,证实了QSS仿真的局限性和全过程混合动态仿真的适用性。%Detailed and quasi steady-state models of full-process hybrid dynamic simulation of long-term voltage stability are discussed; over-excitation limiter, armature current limiter and dynamic load are modeled. By comparing the results of quasi steady-state （QSS） and full time-scale （FTS） simulation, it is discovered that system may not keep transient stability and enter long-term process when severe disturbances trigger discrete equipment to act in succession. Furthermore, judgment of discrete equipments action through QSS simulation is inexact, which causes the system trajectory depart from the real trajectory. Combining FTS, QSS and continuation-based quasi steady-state （CQSS） simulation, and switching properly, the whole-process hybrid dynamic simulation method is constructed, which can keep the transients after disturbances and discrete equipments＇ action. It is switched to QSS simulation only when transient process dies out, and switched to CQSS simulation to improve convergence when system trajectory approaches saddle-node bifurcation point and meets convergent problem. The New England 10-machine 39-bus and IEEE 50-machine 145-bus system are used as test systems to prove the limitation of QSS simulation and the applicability of full-process hybrid dynamic simulation.