基于列车运行状态的城轨超级电容储能装置控制策略

摘要

This paper studies the control strategy of stationary supercapacitor energy storage system in the application of urban rail transit.In the beginning,a mathematical model including trains,energy storage systems and braking resistors is established,and the influencing factors of energy distribution between supercapacitor and braking resistor when the train is braking are analyzed.Then the control strategy considering train's operating status is proposed.The proposed strategy adjusts the charging-voltage command dynamically according to the train's real-time power and position.Consequently,the charging power of supercapacitor is also regulated to ensure the energy storage system to work in its optimum state.In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed strategy,a real-train operation experiment is carried out using the supercapacitor energy storage system with MW-power level which is installed in Liyuan station of Beijing Subway Batong line.The field experiment shows that the proposed control strategy effectively improves the supercapacitor capacity utilization,thus increases the energy saving of energy storage system and reduces the total operating consumption of the urban rail system.%研究应用于城轨交通的地面式超级电容储能装置的控制策略.首先建立结合列车、储能装置和制动电阻的牵引供电系统的数学模型,分析了列车再生制动时超级电容和制动电阻能量分配的影响因素,并由此提出了考虑列车运行状态的储能装置控制策略.该控制策略通过列车实时功率、位置数据,动态调整储能装置的充电电压指令,从而调整超级电容的充电功率,使储能装置工作在最优状态.为了验证所提出的控制策略的有效性,利用北京地铁八通线梨园站的兆瓦级超级电容储能装置开展了实际列车运营实验.现场实验表明,该控制策略可有效地提高超级电容的利用率,增大储能装置的节能量,降低地铁系统的运行能耗.