一种集成化蓄电池脉冲充放电控制器

摘要

In market, the battery pack consists of several series-connected battery cells with same characteristics. Therefore, the battery charger can only control the whole battery package, but cannot protect the inner battery cells from overcharging. It will decrease the service time of batteries. This paper proposes a charging/discharging topology that can optimally control the smallest cell in battery. The soft switch parameters are also designed and calculated. The width changing pulse charge method is modified into a simple and efficient positive-negative charging method to effectively eliminate the polarization effects of the charging process. Hence the rapid charging is achieved and the lifetime of battery is prolonged. Moreover, a convenient and practical battery equalization strategy is designed for the proposed topology and charging method. At the end, the experimental prototype is produced to verify the effectiveness of the control system and the feasibility of the overall scheme.%市场上的封装电池是由几个具有相同特性的电池单元串联而构成的,因此蓄电池充电器只能对封装电池整体进行控制,无法避免内部单元的过充电,从而降低了蓄电池使用寿命.提出一个对电池最小单元进行最优化控制的充放电控制拓扑,并进行软开关参数设计和整合,对变脉宽脉冲充电方法进行改进,设计了一种简单有效的正负脉冲充电方法,可有效消除充电过程中的极化现象,实现快速充电的同时提高了电池寿命.此外,对提出的拓扑和充电策略设计了便捷可行的均衡方案.最后制作实验样机,验证了拓扑的实用性、控制的有效性以及整体方案的可行性.