开关电弧电流零区非平衡态等离子体仿真研究现状

摘要

The study of simulation aiming at the current-zero periods of plasma is significant for guiding the research and design of the circuit breaker,improving its switching capacity and understanding the development process of the current-zero periods of plasma.Since the development process of the current-zero periods of plasma is coupled with the collective effects of flow,heat and electromagnetic fields,descriptions of that process are still difficult for related study.Because of the particularity of arc's dynamic activities during the current-zero periods,LTE hypothesis which is put forward in the former study is not applicable during the period,and there exists some deviation between the predicted arc activities and reality.Recently theoretical research based on thermodynamics and chemically non-equilibrium hypothesis demonstrates better coherency,arousing a general interest among the simulations during the current-zero periods.This essay introduces the development of the simulation,modeling and experiments on the arc plasmas based on thermodynamics and chemically non-equilibrium hypothesis respectively.Appropriate conclusions on arc plasma during the current-zero periods were drawn and future work was suggested.%针对电弧电流零区的仿真研究对于指导断路器研发设计、提高其开断能力进而深入认识零区电弧等离子体的发展过程具有重要意义.由于零区电弧等离子体的发展过程涉及气流、热、电磁场的共同作用,对该复杂过程的描述仍是研究工作的难点.由于电弧电流零区电弧动态行为的特殊性,研究早期提出的局部热力学平衡假设在这一阶段并不适用,预测的电弧行为与实际情况会产生一定偏差.近年来,基于热力学非平衡及化学非平衡假设的理论研究,展现出与实验较好的吻合性,成为现今电弧电流零区仿真计算的热点.本文分别介绍基于热力学非平衡和化学非平衡假设对电弧电流零区电弧等离子体仿真建模的发展情况,以及相关实验进展,并对未来电弧电流零区电弧等离子体仿真研究做了展望.