机械调磁式轴向永磁同步电机调磁特性分析与试验研究

摘要

为实现永磁电机内部磁场的灵活调节,提出一种利用附加机械装置实现电机内部磁场可调的轴向永磁同步电机.深入研究该电机的工作原理及调磁机理,采用虚拟样机技术对电机进行机械动力学仿真分析,获得了弹簧形变和转子错开角度随转速变化的规律;采用有限元法对电机内部磁场、绕组磁链、感应电动势及气隙磁通密度等电磁特性进行了数值计算.仿真结果表明,利用机械调磁装置的离心作用实现两转子错开角度,可调节电机内部磁场分布,进而达到拓宽弱磁调速范围的目的.试验结果证明了理论分析与仿真计算的有效性.%To flexibly adjust the magnetic field of permanent magnet (PM) electrical machine, a novel mechanical device applied in an axial PM synchronous machine is proposed in this paper. The operation principle and mechanical flux-adjusting mechanism were deeply investigated, and the relationship between the deformation of spring and stagger angle of rotors with the speed variation was obtained by virtual prototype technology. The magnetic vector distribution, flux linkage, induced EMF and flux density in air gap were calculated by finite element analysis (FEA). The simulation results show that the stagger angle between the two rotors can be effectively adjusted by the centrifugal force of the mechanical device, and the speed regulation range can be expanded by adjusting the magnetic field distribution. Furthermore, some experiments are performed to validate the theory and simulation results.