Based on conventional observation and NCEP reanalysis data, the extremeness of an explosive Jiang-huai cyclone moving north-ward into Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea during 2-3 May 2016 is studied. This cyclone is then compared with a cyclone during the 11-12 May 2015 at the same period in the history. Results are as follows. (1) The statistics showed that the holding time, intensity, variation of pressure, pressure gradient, the formation time and the moving speed of this explosive Jiang-huai cyclone break the record on the first ten-day period of May in the history from 1951. (2) The high-outflow jets and the low-inflow jets are coupled. Moreover, with the interaction between frontal zone and secondary circulation, secondary circulation extends and strengthens, and available potential energy released from steep frontal zone triggers explosive development of the inland cyclone. In the explosive phase, cyclone cross the sea in a proper time, which reduces energy loss and provides extra sensible heat, radiation and latent heat for the development of the explosive Jiang-huai cyclone.%针对2016年5月2-3日的一次北上黄渤海的爆发性江淮气旋过程,利用常规观测资料和NCEP再分析资料对其极端性的成因进行诊断分析,并与历史同期2015年5月11-12日过程进行了对比.结果表明:(1)统计表明,2016年5月2-3日爆发性江淮气旋维持时间、强度、变压、气压梯度及形成时间、移速等都突破了1951年以来5月上旬历史同期极值.(2)高低空急流辐散辐合耦合,锋区作用下次级环流范围扩大、强度加强,途经海面减少了气旋移动所需要的能量消耗,额外得到了促使气旋爆发的感热、辐射、潜热能量,促发地面江淮气旋爆发性极端发展.
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