井窖式移栽烟田温湿度对烟株前期生长发育的影响

摘要

为明确烤烟井窖式移栽烟田土壤温湿度、环境空气温度对烟株前期生长发育的影响，在贵阳龙岗基地进行了移栽方式的田间试验。结果表明，地膜覆盖井窖式移栽能够有效地提高烟田土壤和空气温度，但土壤湿度变幅较平缓；地膜覆盖井窖式移栽还能促进烟株前期的生长发育，其移栽后35 d的农艺性状及生物量指标最好，根系活力最高。灰色关联分析结果表明，地膜覆盖井窖式移栽土壤温度对根系发育的影响大于土壤湿度，而不同深度土层的土壤温度对根系发育的影响也不尽相同，以15 cm深的土壤温度影响较大。土壤湿度对根系活力影响大于土壤温度，5 cm深的土壤湿度影响大于15 cm深的土壤湿度。%In order to investigate the effects of soil temperature and humidity and ambient air temperature on the early stage growth and development of tobacco plants by well-cellar transplanting, the field experiments on transplanting means were conducted at Longgang base of Guizhou Tobacco Science Research Institute. The results showed that well-cellar transplanting aided by film mulching could effectively raise the soil and air temperatures in fields, narrow the variation ranges of soil temperature and humidity, and promote the early stage growth and development of tobacco plants. The tobacco plants showed the best agronomic traits, and highest biomass and root vigor 35 days after transplanting. The results of grey incidence analysis indicated that for well-cellar transplanting aided by film mulching, the effect of soil temperature on root development was greater than that of soil humidity, the effects of soil temperature at different soil depths differed, and the effect of soil temperature at 15 cm depth was greater. In contrast, root vigor was affected more obviously by soil humidity than did soil temperature, and the effect of soil humidity at 5 cm depth was greater.