微波催化合成三乙醇胺双硬脂酸酯季铵盐

摘要

Using microwave catalysis, the triethanolamine stearic acid ester was synthesized by the stea-ric acid and triethanolamine, and the optimum conditions of the esterification were determined by the orthogonal experimental design. The influences of reaction time, microwave power, ratio of stearic acid to triethanolamine on the esterization yield were discussed. The esterification products were separated by column chro-matogram, and the eluent was methanol and chloroform with 1:4 of volume ratio. The contents percent of the stearic acid monoesteramine, diesteramine and triesteramine were 30.3%, 65.1%, 4.6%. Quaternized triethanolamine double stearic acid ester was synthesized by the triethanolamine double stearic acid ester and di-ethyl sulphate. The relative performance of the product was determined.%以硬脂酸和三乙醇胺为原料,微波催化下合成了三乙醇胺硬脂酸酯,利用正交试验优化了酯化的反应条件,考察了酯化反应时间、微波功率、n(硬脂酸)∶n(三乙醇胺)等因素对酯化率的影响.采用色谱柱对酯化产品进行分离,洗脱液为甲醇和氯仿[V(甲醇):V(氯仿)=1∶4],三乙醇胺单硬脂酸酯、三乙醇胺双硬脂酸酯和三乙醇胺三硬脂酸酯的含量分别为30.3％、65.1％、4.6％.以硫酸二乙酯为季铵化试剂,与三乙醇胺双硬脂酸酯合成了季铵盐,并对产品的相关性能进行了测定.