众所周知，甲醛是一类有毒物，具有强烈刺激性，对人体呼吸系统和皮肤有刺激作用，尤其是儿童对其特别敏感。直到今天，国内外法规仅为限用，没有禁用。甲醛具有很高的化学活泼性，广泛应用于多种领域，主要是制成羟甲基化合物，以及通过它制成各种更高活性的助剂或作为缩合剂制备高分子化合物。甲醛应用于印染助剂较早，品种也较多，近年来代用品层出不穷。除此以外，还用于皮革制品的合成鞣剂，水性涂料中的粘合剂和有机颜料预分散体中的树脂。特别要指出，水性涂料用于木器和建筑内外墙涂料，有机颜料预分散体用于涂料、印墨、涂料印花，都与民生有关，其中的甲醛有害人体健康更甚于纺织品服装。本文扼要列入，以利读者注意。经常有报道居室内因涂料和家具散发甲醛闻到臭味，就是这个根源所在。%It is wel known that formaldehyde is a kind of substance with toxicity and strong irritability to the human respiratory system and skin especial y to children. Until today, formaldehyde is only limited not for-bidden by domestic and foreign laws and regulations. Formaldehyde has high chemical reactivity, and is widely used in various fields. It is mainly used to prepare methylol compound, which is made various assistants with higher activity or polymer compound as condensing agent. Formaldehyde has been early applied in varieties of dyeing and printing assistants and the alternatives recently abounded. Besides, formaldehyde is also used in synthetic tanning agents of leather products, water-based adhesives and resins of organic pigment pre-disper-sion. It is particular noted that the water-based pigment can be applied in wood, inside and outside paint of ar-chitecture, organic pigment pre-dispersion is used in coatings, printing inks and pigment printing, which are re-lated to people's livelihood and formaldehyde is even more harmful to human health than that in textiles and clothing. This point was briefly included in the paper to facilitate the reader attention. It is just the root source of formaldehyde smel emitted from internal coatings and bedroom furniture which was frequently reported.
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