机载天线辐射与散射对射频特征的影响

摘要

机载天线除了对其自身工作辐射性能有要求外，还对其散射性能提出了高要求。由于飞机平台外形及材料具有不同的特性，导致天线在装机后产生不同程度的辐射畸变，从而影响传感器的辐射性能，直接影响其通信、探测、干扰等功能。同时从散射角度看，由于空间角域电磁辐射能量分布发生变化，导致其散射性能也发生变化。通过精确分析典型模型的天线辐射畸变、散射特性及有源对消等问题，分析了辐射畸变、散射及对消对机载平台射频特征的影响，最后提出了发展建议，对于机载天线工程设计具有很好的参考价值。%The airborne antennas have many radiation requirements for their radiation performance. The scattering of antenna becomes more and more important in antenna design at the same time. Different char-acters of the geometry and material of airplane cause distortion of the radiation pattern of airborne antenna so that the functions such as communication,detection,and jamming will be influenced. In this paper,typi-cal airplane model and airborne antenna are analyzed to study the influence of airborne antenna radiation and scattering on RF characters. Finally,suggestions are provided. The analysis and conclusions have refer-ence value for engineering design of airborne antenna.