分布式认知无线电网络多路径路由协议研究综述

摘要

为了深入研究分布式认知无线电网络的多路径路由问题，阐述了分布式认知无线电网络基本特征以及多路径路由设计面临的问题与挑战。分布式认知无线电网络多路径路由采用多路径并行传输，可有效降低传输时延、增加网络吞吐量与传输可靠性、实现网络负载均衡。根据路由优化目标不同，从吞吐量、带宽、干扰、时延、负载均衡和路由发现六方面对近年来多路径路由协议的主要研究成果进行了分类，然后逐类对多路径路由协议进行了分析和讨论，最后分别从分布式认知无线电网络基本特征的适应性与多路径路由协议特征两个方面进行了比较，并展望了分布式认知无线电网络多路径路由协议需进一步研究的方向。%In order to further research multi-path routing problem in distributed cognitive radio networks ( CRN) ,essential features of distributed CRN are firstly presented and the problems and major challenges in designing the multi-path routing are further introduced. The multi-path routing in distributed CRN is characterized by multi-path parallel transmission strategy,which can effectively reduce the transmission de-lay,increase the network throughput and transmission reliability,and also achieve the traffic load balance. From the perspective of routing optimization,the recent research results on the multi-path routing protocols in distributed CRN are broadly classified into six categories,including throughput,bandwidth,interference, delay,load balance,and routing discovery. Then the multi-path routing protocols for distributed CRN are analyzed and discussed respectively. Finally, based on the adaptation of essential features of distributed CRN and the characteristics of multi-path routing protocols, the multi-path routing protocols are com-pared,and the open issues for future research about multi-path routing protocols in distributed CRN are pointed out to motivate new research and development in this field.