光伏发电与公用电网互补自动切换系统的研究与设计

摘要

Solar photovoltaic power generation is one of the main forms of exploitation and utilization of new energy,but solar power generation is affected by environment factors such as sunrise and sunset,sunny and cloudy,etc,existing intermittent problems.As lack of power will bring inconvenience to production and life in cloudy and rainy days.In order to take full advantage of solar power,making it effective to work with the public power grid complementary,the automatic switching system between photovoltaic power generation and public power grid based on household is designed in this article.This system is composed of signal comparative circuit and switching controlling circuit.The signal comparison is used in detecting the minimum working voltage of storage battery,when it detects output voltage is lower than the minimum working voltage,the system automatically switches to public power grid;when it detects battery output voltage is higher than or equal to the minimum working voltage,the system will automatically switch to solar power generation system.%太阳能光伏发电是开发利用新能源的主要形式之一,但是太阳能发电受日出和日落、晴天和阴天等环境因素影响,存在间歇问题,在阴天和雨天因其发电不足会给生产和生活带来诸多不便。为了充分利用太阳能发电,使其能够与公用电网有效互补,文中设计了一种基于户型光伏发电与公用电网互补自动切换系统。该系统由信号比较和开关控制两部分电路组成。信号比较电路用于检测蓄电池最低工作电压,当检测到蓄电池的输出电压低于最低工作电压,系统就自动切换到公用电网;当检测到蓄电池的输出电压高于或等于最低工作电压时,系统就自动切换到太阳能发电系统。