基于模糊PID控制的直流电机调速系统设计

摘要

Aiming at DC motor contain nonlinear factors such as elastic or gaps during the process of dragging the load,the traditional PID parameter controller is difficult to meet the requirements of system performance index.In this paper,a fuzzy PID controller based on DSP is proposed.Through a serial port communication protocol based on LabVIEW the serial communication between PC and LabVIEW is realized,and the data reads,sends and order control are achieved.Firstly,DSP development board and DC motor drive circuit independently are designed and producted to build a closedloop control system.Using fuzzy self-tuning algorithm optimizes PID parameters online.Take MATLAB simulation and hardware experiment test respectively.The date through LabVIEW PC interface are observed.The experiments show that the fuzzy self-tuning PID controller can greatly improve the system performance of speed adjustment,and the motor speed control precision is less than 1％.%针对直流电机在负载拖动过程中受到弹性或间隙等非线性因素的影响,使得传统固定PID参数调节器难以达到系统性能指标要求,设计了以DSP处理器为核心的智能调速系统,引入自适应模糊PID控制算法实时整定控制参数.基于LabVIEW的串口通信协议进行PC机与LabVIEW之间的串行通信,实现了数据的发送、读取,命令控制等功能.自主设计直流电机驱动电路及DSP处理器开发板,构建闭环控制系统,采用模糊自整定算法实现PID参数在线优化.分别对系统进行MATLAB仿真实验以及硬件测试实验,通过LabVIEW上位机界面进行数据观察,结果表明自适应模糊PID调节器能大大提高系统调速性能,电机调速精度可达1％.