借鉴台湾经验完善大陆土壤污染法律责任的思考

摘要

土壤是人们的衣食之源，是人类生存和发展的物质基础。迄今为止，在大陆现行的法律体系中，只有涉及土壤污染防治的零星分散的规定，还没有专门防治土壤污染的立法与明晰的土壤污染法律责任，不能综合控制当前土壤污染的客观要求。该文阐述了台湾地区土壤污染调查、台湾地区土壤污染防治“立法”的演进、台湾地区《土壤及地下水污染整治法》主要内容，分析台湾地区《土壤及地下水污染整治法》启示、大陆土壤污染防治“立法”的紧迫性；提出借鉴台湾经验，明晰大陆土壤污染法律责任，完善防治土壤污染法律机制的构想。%Soil is a source of food and clothing for the people,and is the material basis for human survival and devel-opment.So far,only few scattered provisions on soil pollution prevention found in the current legal system in China mainland.There is no specific legislation on prevention of soil pollution or clear liability of soil pollution,which is not adapted to current obj ective requirements of comprehensive control of soil pollution.This paper elaborates the survey of soil pollution in Taiwan,the evolution of soil pollution prevention legislation and the main content of“Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act”in Taiwan.Under analyzing the message from“Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act”,the urgency of legislation on soil pollution prevention in China mainland is realized.Then,by using the Taiwan’s experience,this paper clarify the legal responsibility of mainland soil pollution,and improve the legal mechanisms on prevention of soil pollution.