单锚节点水声网络高精度低开销初始化方法

摘要

The initialization method is an important procedure for network protocol.It has two parts,self-localization and time synchronization.For underwater acoustic networks,a self-localization algorithm is pro-posed with selected reference nodes only using one anchor.This algorithm reduces the effection of topology and range error.It has a high accuracy without using a lot of anchors.On the basis of localization,an rapidly initia-lization method is presented.This method solves the time synchronization and localization problems at the same time which can decrease the time delay of the initialization process and the communication traffic.Simulation re-sults show that the proposed method has high positioning accuracy,short initialization time delay and low com-munication traffic which has a good performance in underwater acoustic networks.%网络初始化是网络协议正常运行的基础，共包括自定位及时间同步两部分。针对水声网络特点，提出一种仅采用单锚节点的参考节点自选则自定位算法，该算法仅采用一个锚节点，通过最优化选择参考节点，减小参考节点拓扑结构及网络测距误差对定位精度的影响，既有效解决了水声网络中锚节点少的问题，且提高了定位精度；在此基础上提出一种快速初始化方法，该方法将自定位与时间同步协同完成，使得网络可在较少的信息交互下快速实现初始化过程，减小通信开销及初始化时延，网络布放后可快速进入正常运行，提高网络工作效率。通过仿真得出，本文提出的方法较现有初始化方法锚节点需求少，定位精度高，初始化时延短、通信开销小，可以很好地应用于水声网络中。