曾侯乙墓漆箱房星图考

摘要

运用出土文物与文献记载、实际天象三者相结合的考证方法，认为曾侯乙墓漆箱侧面所绘天文图象为天驷房星图。房星又称为农祥星，其星神是古代天子或诸侯在农历岁首于郊外举行籍田礼时祭祀的对象，因此绘有房星图的天文图漆箱是曾侯乙举行籍礼时必须携带的重要仪具之一。%By referring to ancient documents,unearthed cultural relics and actual phenomenon,this paper identifies the celestial bodies painted on one side wall of lacquer chest,which was unearthed from the tomb of Marquis Yi of the Zeng State in the Warring-States Peiiod,to be“房宿(the Fang Mansion of the twenty-eight lunar mansions)”,which was the Nongxiang Xing(农祥星，the Patron Saint of agriculture).The celestial bodies were worshipped and offered to with sacrifices by the Kings of the Zhou Dynasty and the feudal lords at the “Jitianli(籍田礼，the Field-Ploughing Ceremony)”held by them in the outskirts of their capitals in the first month of the Chinese traditional lunar-solar year,which was an important ceremony at that time,and the lacquer chest might be one of the utensils taken by Marquis Yi of the Zeng State at the ceremony.