地震曲率技术在地震资料解释中的应用

摘要

通过地震曲率属性的分析,寻找适合研究区的地震曲率,研究其解释技术.系统总结了地震曲率技术的解释应用及应注意的问题.针对小断层在常规地震剖面上表现为同相轴的微小变化、扭曲、振幅突然变弱等特征,利用这些微小的变化在地震层曲率属性上表现为线性构造,进行小断层识别,异常的长度和方向分别代表着断层的延展长度和断层的走向.二维曲率属性有比较明确的物理意义,相对一阶导数属性(如微分、倾角、方位角等),它在构造特征识别上有明显的长处.它们对刻画地质体轮廓、分层结构、断裂系统等非常有效.实例表明,地震曲率属性对断层的轨迹、沉积体边界的刻画清晰、连续,利于解释,减少解释多解性.%Based on the theory of seismic curvature attributes, this paper analyzed features of seismic curvature attributes and found out effective seismic curvature attributes to interpret the seismic data.Suming up the application of the seismic curvature attributes and the notable problems during the process of application,2D curvature attributes explicit physical meanings and obvious advantages in identification of structure characteristics.The attributes are usually related to seismic horizon' s geometric shapes ( like dip, azimuth and curvature, etc.), which are effective to describe geologic configuration, hierarchy and fault system.Minor faults on general seismic section show the features such as even tiny variety, twist, weaking abruptly of the amplitude.These tiny varieties show small linear structure on curvature attribute of the seismic horizon, so minor faults can be interpreted according to linear structure abnormity.The length of abnormity and directions represent the continued length and directions of faults respectively.The applications show that it is effective and convenient to interpret faults using seismic curvature attributes.The track of the faults and the sizes, shapes and boundaries of sedimentary bodies become continuous and clear.And it is beneficial for fault interpretation.