均质纤维素膜的制备及其正渗透性能研究

摘要

以纤维素（cellulose）为膜材料，离子液体1-乙基-3甲基咪唑醋酸盐（EMIMAc）为溶剂，水为非溶剂，无纺布作为支撑层，通过相转化法制备了纤维素均质膜。采用红外、X-射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜表征了膜的结构及形貌，考察了该膜的正渗透性能。结果表明：纤维素溶解再生过程中没有发生化学变化，但晶型发生了转变；当原料液为0.6 mol/L的氯化钠水溶液，汲取液为特制的营养液时，所制备的正渗透膜的水通量为3.534 L/（m2· h），截盐率达到99%以上。%The-nonporous-homogeneous-cellulose-membrane-for-forward-osmosis-was-pre-pared-via-phase-inversion-method-using-ionic-liquid-1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium-acetate-(EMI-MAc)-as-solvent,water-as-nonsolvent-on-a-non-woven-fabric-substrate.-The-characterizations-of-Fourier-transform-infrared-(FTIR)-and-X-ray-diffraction-(XRD)-spectroscopies-showed-that-no-obvious-change-occurred-in-the-chemical-structure-of-cellulose-after-membrane-formation,but-the-crystallinity-had-a-certain-degree-of-decline.-The-cross-section-and-the-surface-morphologies-of-the-cellulose-forward-osmosis-membrane-were-analyzed-by-scanning-electron-microscopy-(SEM).-The-membrane-performance-were-investigated-by-measuring-water-flux-and-rejection-of-simulated-seawater.-The-water-flux-of-the-cellulose-forward-osmosis-membrane,which-the-cellu-lose-concentration-is-8%(wt)-in-casting-solution,was-3.534-L/m2-·-h-and-the-rejection-for-NaCl-was-more-than-99%,using-0.6-mol/L-NaCl-solution-as-the-feed-solution-and-lab-made-nutrient-solution-as-the-draw-solution.