被动测距技术结构简单、隐身无源，尤其适用于现代军事目标的探测。发展了基于目标辐射和氧分子光谱吸收衰减特性的近距离单波段被动测距方法。根据Lambert-Beer定律，确定氧气A带透过率与被测目标距离的关系；分析吸收系数随环境参数变化的分布规律，得到被测目标辐射强度分布。根据带平均透过率和高温气体辐射窄带模型计算方法，建立了基于洛伦兹线型的Elsasser模型近距离被动测距数学模型。用实测数据计算透过率与理论模型进行拟合，最终获得被测目标的距离信息，考虑周围环境对氧分子吸收系数的影响，校正测距精度。搭建了测距实验平台，10w 黑体做光源，采用分辨率为17 cm-1的光栅光谱仪，光谱输入端采用23 mm口径的望远镜以提高光接收效率，水平方向分别对200 m以内不同距离进行测试。实验结果表明，将测得数据经平滑处理后计算出透过率与相同条件下预测模型的预测值进行比较，精度小于2.18％。%Passive ranging method of short range and single band was developed based on target radiation and attenuation charac-teristic of oxygen spectrum absorption .The relation between transmittance of oxygen A band and range of measured target was analyzed .Radiation strength distribution of measured target can be obtained according to the distribution law of absorption coef-ficient with environmental parameters .Passive ranging mathematical model of short ranges was established using Elsasser model with Lorentz line shape based on the computational methods of band average transmittance and high-temperature gas radiation narrowband model .The range of measured object was obtained using transmittance fitting with test data calculation and theoreti-cal model .Besides ,ranging precision was corrected considering the influence of oxygen absorption with enviromental parameter . The ranging experiment platform was established .The source was a 10 watt black body ,and a grating spectrometer with 17 cm -1 resolution was used .In order to improve the light receiving efficiency ,light input was collected with 23 mm calibre tele-scope .The test data was processed for different range in 200 m .The results show that the transmittance accuracy was better than 2.18% in short range compared to the test data with predicted value in the same conditions .
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