攻角对火星降落伞拉直过程的影响分析

摘要

In order to research the influence of attack angle of vehicle on parachute deployment process on Mars, this paper studies the influence of attack angle of vehicle on dynamics of parachute deployment process on Mars by taking Viking as research object. The relationship of attack angle and line sail is studied. The results show that the larger the attack angle is, the more serious line sail during the parachute deployment will be. To avoid or ease the line sail, it's necessary to reduce the angle of attack of vehicle. The study provides a reference for descent and landing system design of Mars probe for China.%为了研究火星探测器减速着陆系统降落伞开伞前进入舱攻角的大小对伞拉直过程的影响,设计相应的控制措施,文章以"海盗号"火星探测器为研究对象,建立了基于质量阻尼弹簧模型的降落伞拉直过程动力学模型,研究了进入舱不同攻角下降落伞的拉直过程,重点研究了攻角与"绳帆"现象之间的关系.结果表明,火星环境下开伞前进入舱攻角越大,拉直过程中的"绳帆"现象越严重.因此,减小开伞前进入舱的攻角,将有利于避免或降低"绳帆"现象的发生.这一研究结论可为火星探测减速着陆系统的设计提供一定参考.