空间碎片和微流星对卫星太阳翼的撞击损伤及防护研究

摘要

空间碎片和微流星撞击的累积效应,将导致太阳电池片性能衰降,甚至造成一定串数太阳电池片的损伤.高速撞击甚至会激发等离子体,扩散的等离子体会诱发放电,引起太阳电池片电路的电孤放电,导致太阳翼输出功率下降.文章分析了碰撞对太阳电池片造成的物理损伤,还分析了碰撞对电缆束、铝蜂窝板芯的影响.针对3种太阳同步轨道卫星特点分析了其太阳翼遭受空间碎片和微流星撞击的风险,给出了太阳翼的防护措施,可为太阳翼防空间碎片撞击设计的方案选取提供借鉴.%The debris impact may cause the degradation of solar cell electrical character because of the cumulative effect,and even damage several strings of solar cells which depends on the diameter of the debris.Hypervelocity impact even with exciting plasma,and spreading plasma can initiate discharge which is able to induce arcing on the solar circuits,then decreasing the output power of solar array.The impact damage on solar cell and effect on wires and aluminum honeycomb are also discussed in this paper.The risk of debris impact on solar array of 3 type sun synchronous orbits satellite is analyzed,and the protection solutions for solar panel design are proposed to decrease the damage from space debris.